Define a set of user groups that reflect the kinds of access you'll be granting. These groups can be defined in an external user identity system (such as an LDAP system) or in the application database. These groups provide a convenient, built-in way to manage a people's access to application features.
The application includes two groups that are defined by the system: Everyone and All Registered Users. These are a good place to start when managing permissions that are in effect across the community. After you've figured out how permissions should be applied for these broad groups, you can start assigning permissions based to user groups you create.
Your user groups will reflect your community's organizational groups. They could be relatively few, with separate groups for those who manage, moderate, and administer the community. They could also be many, with groups representing departments of a company, people with specific privileges (such as blogging), virtual teams within the organization, and so on.
For more on creating and managing groups, see Managing User Groups.